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THE DNA HYPOTHESIS

Oswald Avery and the Transforming Principle, 1944

By Chad Curtis with Jules Perna

Recreate the major paradigm shift in molecular biology that started with a strand of DNA

"The DNA Hypothesis" opens at a 1944 scientific conference at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in New York where eminent biochemists and geneticists are to share the latest developments in the nascent field of molecular biology. Of critical interest are the claims of Oswald Avery who claims to have identified the active component of the "transforming principle," as DNA the genetic material that can change one strain of bacteria into another. But not all are in agreement; protein is the much likelier candidate as it has a complex structure that give it the required specificity. Students will try to answer the questions, What is the genetic carrier of information? What evidence is there for or against the proposed hypotheses of the molecular basis of heredity? And what criteria could be used to establish a candidate molecule as the carrier of genetic information?

ABOUT THE GAME

Details

Disciplines
History of Medicine and Health, History of Science and Technology, STEM

Sample Class Titles
Genetics, Research Methods

Themes and Issues
Paradigm Shifts, Socialization in Science, Advent of Molecular Biology

Era 
20th Century

Geography 
North America

Notable Roles
Oswald Avery, Erwin Schroedinger, Dorothy Wrinch

Primary Source Highlights
"Studies on the Chemical Nature of the Substance Inducing Transformation of Pneumococcal Types," "What is Life?" "On the Nature of Gene Mutation and Gene Structure."

Level
Short Game Under Review

Player Interactions 
Competitive, Factional

Mechanics 
Divided Spaces, Money/In-Game Currency

Chaos and Demand on Instructor

Low Chaos, Low Demand on Instructor.

Using the Game

Class Size & Scalability
This game is recommended for classes with 8-32 students.

Class Time  
For this game, 1-1.5 setup sessions and 2 full class game sessions recommended. 

Assignments
You can adjust the assignments based on the desired learning outcomes of your class. This game can include scientific writing. All roles except one are required to give a speech. Some roles are required to do non-writing assignments.

Notes
There are no texts that all students would need to buy or find online, but each character has a unique scientific paper listed in their role sheet they would need to obtain.


GAME MATERIALS

Reacting Consortium members can access all downloadable materials below. You will be asked to sign in before downloading.  

Please Fill out the Permissions Request Form Before Using The DNA Hypothesis in Your Class!

Gamebook

Students need a Gamebook, which includes directions, resources, and historical content. 

Instructor's Manual

The Instructor's Manual includes guidance for assigning roles, presenting historical context, assignments, activities and discussion topics, and more.   

Role Sheets

Students also need a Role Sheet, which contains biographical information, role-specific resources or assignments, and their character's secret victory objectives. 


ABOUT THE AUTHORS 

Chad Curtis

Dr. Chad Curtis is a professor of data science and analytics at Nevada State University. He teaches courses in programming and statistics and mentors undergraduate researchers in biomedical research projects through the NIH-funded INBRE program. His research interests include nanoparticle therapeutics, machine learning, and the scholarship of teaching and learning. He has authored Reacting games for use in STEM classrooms including "Radioactive: The Chemists, the Anthropologists and the Advent of Radiocarbon Dating" and "The Cigarette Century: Tobacco and Cancer, 1964-1965."


Other Titles By This Author

Cholera 1854
Cigarette Century





Jules Perna
Jules Perna is a data science major at Nevada State University where she enjoys learning to code in Python and R. She has played multiple Reacting games including "The Cigarette Century" and "Cholera! at the Pump." She enjoys how games like "The DNA Hypothesis" can make biology and genetics more accessible to students.


QUESTIONS

Members can contact game authors directly

We invite instructors join our Facebook Faculty Lounge, where you'll find a wonderful community eager to help and answer questions. We also encourage you to submit your question for the forthcoming FAQ, and to check out our upcoming events


YOU MAY ALSO LIKE...

Cholera 1854
Cholera! at the Pump: Contagionism, Miasma Theory and Sanitation, London 1854

 Cigarette Century
Tobacco & Lung Cancer, 1964-1965

Are Atoms Real?
1860 Conference of Chemistry at Karlsruhe

reacting@barnard.edu

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