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EXECUTIVE ORDER 9066

Executive Order 9066: Japanese Americans after Pearl Harbor

by Michael A. Barnhart

Does American Establish its own Concentration Camps?

Much of the story behind Executive Order 9066 is not well known. To be sure, most Americans, most influential journalists, and most of their political leaders strongly favored the mass evacuation and internment of all Japanese and Japanese-Americans. But there were strong dissents that arose from a fundamental respect for constitutional rights and opposition to American racism. Many of these dissenters were in Roosevelt’s Department of Justice, but there were also a few among the political leadership, most of whom would pay for their principles by sacrificing their careers. Will the game's Roosevelt follow history or change it?

ABOUT THE GAME

Details

Disciplines
Conflict & War, Cultural & Social History, Political Science & Government, US History, Japanese American History


Era 

20th Century


Geography 
North America, United States of America


Level
Microgame

Themes and Issues  
Civil Rights, Political Concerns vs. Values, Japanese American History, Race

Player Interactions 
Factional, Competitive, Coalition-Building


Sample Class Titles
U.S. History since Reconstruction, The Second World War


Notable Roles
Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States;

Henry Stimson, Secretary of War;

Francis Biddle, Attorney General

Mechanics 
None


Chaos and Demand on Instructor 
Very structured, Easy for instructors


Using the Game

Class Time  

"Executive Order 9066" can be played in a single 60-minute session.

Possible Reacting Game Pairings
This game can be used on its own, or with other games. These pairings are meant to be illustrative rather than exhaustive or prescriptive. One might pair this with Japanese Exclusion in California: 1906-1915, Japan: 1941, or Yalta: 1945.


Assignments
You can adjust the assignments based on the desired learning outcomes of your class. "Executive Order 9066" includes a role for a journalist.

Class Size and Scalability 
This game is recommended for classes with 5-27+ students, but the ideal range is 9-16.

If the number of players will exceed 16, then roles will be doubled as specified in a role assignment matrix in the Instructor's Manual. Tripling roles is possible.


GAME MATERIALS

Reacting Consortium members can access all downloadable materials (including expanded and updated materials) below. You will be asked to sign in before downloading.  

Instructor's Manual

The Instructor's Guide includes guidance for assigning roles, presenting the game's context and topics, assignments, and more.  The Role Sheets are also included in this document. 

Download the Instructor's Manual
(Members Only)

.pdf file, Updated August 2024

Handouts

These handouts include name signs for students, reports, and supplementary materials.

Download Additional Materials (Members Only)
.zip folder of .pdf files, Updated August 2024

Role Sheets

Students will only need their Role Sheet, which contains biographical information, and information on how to play the game.

Download Role Sheets (Members Only)
.zip folder of .pdf files, Updated August 2024


ABOUT THE AUTHORS 

Michael A. Barnhart

Michael A. Barnhardt is a Distinguished Teaching Professor Emeritus, Department of History at Stony Brook University, who has taught there for forty years. For over twenty, Micheael has used simulations as teaching tools. He has also written a book about using simulations entitled "Can You Beat Churchill?" along with other, more traditional academic publications such as "Japan Prepares for Total War."

QUESTIONS

Members can contact game authors directly

We invite instructors join our Facebook Faculty Lounge, where you'll find a wonderful community eager to help and answer questions. We also encourage you to submit your question for the forthcoming FAQ, and to check out our upcoming events


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reacting@barnard.edu

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